chore: add golangci-lint config and fix all lint issues

Enable 15 additional linters (gosec, errorlint, gocritic, modernize,
misspell, bodyclose, sqlclosecheck, nilerr, unconvert, durationcheck,
sloglint, wastedassign, usestdlibvars) with sensible exclusion rules.

Fix all findings: errors.Is for error comparisons, run() pattern in
main to avoid exitAfterDefer, ReadHeaderTimeout for Slowloris
protection, bounds check in escape sequence reader, WaitGroup.Go,
slices.Contains, range-over-int loops, and http.MethodGet constants.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/shell/bash/bash_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package bash
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ func TestReadLineCtrlD(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	_, err := readLine(ctx, rw)
-	if err != io.EOF {
+	if !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected io.EOF, got %v", err)
 	}
 }