security: add HTTP server timeouts to prevent slowloris attacks

Configure HTTP server with sensible timeouts:
- ReadTimeout: 30s (time to read entire request)
- WriteTimeout: 30s (time to write response)
- IdleTimeout: 120s (keep-alive connection timeout)
- ReadHeaderTimeout: 10s (time to read request headers)

For SSE connections, use http.ResponseController to extend write
deadlines before each write, preventing timeout on long-lived streams
while still protecting against slow clients.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/mcp/transport_http.go

@@ -20,11 +20,21 @@ type HTTPConfig struct {
 	TLSCertFile       string        // TLS certificate file (optional)
 	TLSKeyFile        string        // TLS key file (optional)
 	MaxRequestSize    int64         // Maximum request body size in bytes (default: 1MB)
+	ReadTimeout       time.Duration // HTTP server read timeout (default: 30s)
+	WriteTimeout      time.Duration // HTTP server write timeout (default: 30s)
+	IdleTimeout       time.Duration // HTTP server idle timeout (default: 120s)
+	ReadHeaderTimeout time.Duration // HTTP server read header timeout (default: 10s)
 }
 
 const (
 	// DefaultMaxRequestSize is the default maximum request body size (1MB).
 	DefaultMaxRequestSize = 1 << 20 // 1MB
+
+	// Default HTTP server timeouts
+	DefaultReadTimeout       = 30 * time.Second
+	DefaultWriteTimeout      = 30 * time.Second
+	DefaultIdleTimeout       = 120 * time.Second
+	DefaultReadHeaderTimeout = 10 * time.Second
 )
 
 // HTTPTransport implements the MCP Streamable HTTP transport.
@@ -48,6 +58,18 @@ func NewHTTPTransport(server *Server, config HTTPConfig) *HTTPTransport {
 	if config.MaxRequestSize == 0 {
 		config.MaxRequestSize = DefaultMaxRequestSize
 	}
+	if config.ReadTimeout == 0 {
+		config.ReadTimeout = DefaultReadTimeout
+	}
+	if config.WriteTimeout == 0 {
+		config.WriteTimeout = DefaultWriteTimeout
+	}
+	if config.IdleTimeout == 0 {
+		config.IdleTimeout = DefaultIdleTimeout
+	}
+	if config.ReadHeaderTimeout == 0 {
+		config.ReadHeaderTimeout = DefaultReadHeaderTimeout
+	}
 
 	return &HTTPTransport{
 		server:   server,
@@ -64,6 +86,10 @@ func (t *HTTPTransport) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	httpServer := &http.Server{
 		Addr:              t.config.Address,
 		Handler:           mux,
+		ReadTimeout:       t.config.ReadTimeout,
+		WriteTimeout:      t.config.WriteTimeout,
+		IdleTimeout:       t.config.IdleTimeout,
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: t.config.ReadHeaderTimeout,
 		BaseContext: func(l net.Listener) context.Context {
 			return ctx
 		},
@@ -264,6 +290,9 @@ func (t *HTTPTransport) handleGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 	flusher.Flush()
 
+	// Use ResponseController to manage write deadlines for long-lived SSE connections
+	rc := http.NewResponseController(w)
+
 	// Stream notifications
 	ctx := r.Context()
 	for {
@@ -276,6 +305,11 @@ func (t *HTTPTransport) handleGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				return
 			}
 
+			// Extend write deadline before each write
+			if err := rc.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(30 * time.Second)); err != nil {
+				t.server.logger.Printf("Failed to set write deadline: %v", err)
+			}
+
 			data, err := json.Marshal(notification)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.server.logger.Printf("Failed to marshal notification: %v", err)

internal/mcp/transport_http_test.go

@@ -481,6 +481,82 @@ func TestHTTPTransportOptionsRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestHTTPTransportDefaultConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	server := NewServer(nil, log.New(io.Discard, "", 0))
+	transport := NewHTTPTransport(server, HTTPConfig{})
+
+	// Verify defaults are applied
+	if transport.config.Address != "127.0.0.1:8080" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default address 127.0.0.1:8080, got %s", transport.config.Address)
+	}
+	if transport.config.Endpoint != "/mcp" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default endpoint /mcp, got %s", transport.config.Endpoint)
+	}
+	if transport.config.SessionTTL != 30*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default session TTL 30m, got %v", transport.config.SessionTTL)
+	}
+	if transport.config.MaxRequestSize != DefaultMaxRequestSize {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default max request size %d, got %d", DefaultMaxRequestSize, transport.config.MaxRequestSize)
+	}
+	if transport.config.ReadTimeout != DefaultReadTimeout {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default read timeout %v, got %v", DefaultReadTimeout, transport.config.ReadTimeout)
+	}
+	if transport.config.WriteTimeout != DefaultWriteTimeout {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default write timeout %v, got %v", DefaultWriteTimeout, transport.config.WriteTimeout)
+	}
+	if transport.config.IdleTimeout != DefaultIdleTimeout {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default idle timeout %v, got %v", DefaultIdleTimeout, transport.config.IdleTimeout)
+	}
+	if transport.config.ReadHeaderTimeout != DefaultReadHeaderTimeout {
+		t.Errorf("Expected default read header timeout %v, got %v", DefaultReadHeaderTimeout, transport.config.ReadHeaderTimeout)
+	}
+
+	transport.sessions.Stop()
+}
+
+func TestHTTPTransportCustomConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	server := NewServer(nil, log.New(io.Discard, "", 0))
+	config := HTTPConfig{
+		Address:           "0.0.0.0:9090",
+		Endpoint:          "/api/mcp",
+		SessionTTL:        1 * time.Hour,
+		MaxRequestSize:    5 << 20, // 5MB
+		ReadTimeout:       60 * time.Second,
+		WriteTimeout:      60 * time.Second,
+		IdleTimeout:       300 * time.Second,
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 20 * time.Second,
+	}
+	transport := NewHTTPTransport(server, config)
+
+	// Verify custom values are preserved
+	if transport.config.Address != "0.0.0.0:9090" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom address, got %s", transport.config.Address)
+	}
+	if transport.config.Endpoint != "/api/mcp" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom endpoint, got %s", transport.config.Endpoint)
+	}
+	if transport.config.SessionTTL != 1*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom session TTL, got %v", transport.config.SessionTTL)
+	}
+	if transport.config.MaxRequestSize != 5<<20 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom max request size, got %d", transport.config.MaxRequestSize)
+	}
+	if transport.config.ReadTimeout != 60*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom read timeout, got %v", transport.config.ReadTimeout)
+	}
+	if transport.config.WriteTimeout != 60*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom write timeout, got %v", transport.config.WriteTimeout)
+	}
+	if transport.config.IdleTimeout != 300*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom idle timeout, got %v", transport.config.IdleTimeout)
+	}
+	if transport.config.ReadHeaderTimeout != 20*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("Expected custom read header timeout, got %v", transport.config.ReadHeaderTimeout)
+	}
+
+	transport.sessions.Stop()
+}
+
 func TestHTTPTransportRequestBodyTooLarge(t *testing.T) {
 	_, ts := testHTTPTransport(t, HTTPConfig{
 		MaxRequestSize: 100, // Very small limit for testing